Painterwork refers to covering a 'work' with a thin layer of paint to preserve and color the surface it is applied to. Aimed at getting a hard dried and opaque surface, the commonest compounds used are oil paint, distemper, whitewash, and tar. The word 'paint' however, often refers to a blend of oil & pigment. The support tools a painter requires at work are strainers, mixing pots, paint kettles, palette knife, scrapping knife, stopping & chisel knives, hammer, sponge, pumice, comb, and a variety of brushes.
The Details. Oil paints are made of the following parts:
• Base - The most commonly used bases are white lead, red lead, zinc white, and iron oxide. White lead is suited for covering exteriors, zinc white for interiors, red lead (lead oxide) as primer, and iron oxide for ironwork.
• Vehicle - It is a liquid used to suspend the particles of base to form a thin layer, uniform in color and consistency, on the surface. Linseed, poppy seed, & nut oils, and varnishes are the commonly used vehicles for oil paints.
• Driers - They accelerate the oxidation process, ensuring the fast drying of the paint. Litharge or red lead, sugar of lead, sulfate of zinc, terebene, and magnesium dioxide are some common driers.
• Driver - Drivers such as turpentine serve as solvents, diluents, and thinners to uniform the consistency of paint.
• Pigments - A pigment is added to obtain the desired color. They can have a metallic, earthly, or an animal origin. The common pigments are umbers, ochres, chromes, lampblack, bone black, Prussian blue, vermilion, and ultra marine to name some.
The proportion of components is varied to accomplish a thin, hard, and opaque coat on the surface of the building work being painted. When applying multiple layers, using excess oil in the under coats can result in the cracking of the topmost layer. In addition, an application of another layer on a wet coat can cause the blistering of paint.
The Types
• Painting on Woodwork - Woodwork requires knotting, priming, and stopping before applying multiple layers of oil color on it. A thin, transparent, colored coat is required that changes the color of the work without hiding the grains of wood. Varnish, made by dissolving certain gums in oil, spirit, or water is most widely used for this purpose. For inside work, the varnish is made of resins mixed in linseed and turpentine oils for a lustrous, but somewhat less durable surface. Painting upon wet or unseasoned wood surface results in the early blistering of paint. An excess of drier in varnish can cause an early cracking of paint.
• Painting on Iron - Iron and steel works are most often covered with the oxides of iron and red lead mixed with linseed oil. The surface should be made rust free with paraffin or turpentine, before applying color. The particles of rust left on the surface can cause the blistering of paint.
• Painting on Plasterwork - Thoroughly dried plasterwork is covered with distemper after filling all the irregularities on the surface with the plaster of Paris. Before applying distemper, the surface is further smoothened with a glass paper, followed by a coat of clairecole to render the plaster non-absorbent.
• Faux Finish - A popular painterwork technique, commonly known as 'faux finish,' covers a wide range of decorative techniques for replicating material, such as marble (marbling) and wood (graining). Popular since classical times, in the modern times also it is widely used for decorative finish on walls and furniture in commercial and public spaces.
Conclusion
Painterwork is an evolving domain in which a plethora of substances is tried on various surfaces each day. The basic requirement of protection and decoration of a work has now expanded to making purposeful paints, like non-toxic paints for kid's work, lead-free paints for hospital, metallic faux finish paints for decorative purpose, and washable paints for walls.
Annette Labedzki received her BFA at the Emily Carr College of Art and Design in Vancouver, B.C. Canada. She has more than 25 years experience. She is the founder and developer of an online art gallery featuring original art from all over the world.
Please visit the website at http://www.Labedzki-Art.com It is a great site for art collectors to buy original art. Artists can join for free and their image upload is unlimited.
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